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What is autism?

Autism is a lifelong neurodevelopmental difference. Autistic people have varying levels of strengths, challenges and needs in different sensory, communication, and social areas.1

How common is Autism?

The latest data suggests that around 675,000 Australians or 1 in 40 2 are autistic. Women have traditionally been underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed and are often not diagnosed until adulthood - sometimes during the transition to parenthood.

Some people self-identify as autistic and don't receive a formal diagnosis.

Autism often co-occurs with ADHD - also known as AuDHD.3

Challenges in early parenthood for autistic people

Many autistic people report early parenthood to be joyful and rewarding as they value their ability to form intense connections and provide care and support for their baby through structures and routines. For some, the capacity to hyperfocus is a significant advantage, enabling deep research and informed decision-making.

A COPE 2026 survey however, highlighted that many parents were left feeling overwhelmed, dismissed, frustrated and exhausted by a system failing to meet their needs.

Here are some of the challenges parents identified:

Sensory overwhelm

- The fluorescent lights, background noises and lack of quiet, private spaces to recover after birth could be distressing.

- The overwhelm of medical examinations/interactions with multiple health professionals, including not being asked for consent before being touched.

- Navigating visits from family and friends.

"The noise, the constant touching and being needed, the dichotomy of having extensively researched and understanding what is best for my baby and family eg breastfeeding or responsive parenting, and then feeling trapped, overwhelmed and the sense of relentlessness that this brought." Anon (COPE, 2026).

- The sensory demands of caring for a newborn could be overwhelming. This  included the baby's crying, feeling touched out, the sensation of breastfeeding and the bright colours and sounds of toys.

- Some parents, however, reported feeling as though their own experience helped them understand their babies' needs.

"I feel like there's an inherent ability and special connection between neurodivergent parent and baby, in that I'm able to live in my space that is already set up to reduce stimulation, I'm able to do things for baby to reduce his overwhelm in the world." Anon (COPE, 2026)

Feeling misunderstood and dismissed

- Expectant parents reported feeling misunderstood, dismissed or not taken seriously by health professionals.

"I know I was somewhat obsessed with information about infant development and my child's condition. Not knowing what was to come was so hard, and yet again I was dismissed many times as the first time mum with anxiety." Anon, COPE, 2026).

Disruption of routine and executive function

- Loss of predictability and increased uncertainty due to the demands of meeting their baby's needs.

- Cognitive overload.

- Inability to use normal coping strategies (such as withdrawing for alone time) while caring for a baby.

- The impact of sleep-deprivation and disruption to typical routines.

"Sleep deprivation and broken sleep exaggerated my emotional dysregulation and made it harder to function with lagging skills. [My] ability to manage capacity was reduced and therefore harder to control oneself when things unexpectedly go wrong, as a baby has many unexpected changes that make it impossible to stick to a routine that many autistic people need to manage their anxiety." Anon, (COPE 2026).

Social and emotional demands

- Autistic parents experienced difficulty with multitasking and attending numerous medical appointments/baby groups with different health professionals.

- Some reported feeling judged and worried about disclosing their diagnosis for fear of stigma or having their baby removed/child services involvement.

- Autistic people reported using coping strategies such as masking when engaging with health professionals/other new mums hiding or downplaying distress.

"People pleasing and masking with midwives and health professionals. I became 'the perfect patient.'" Anon (COPE, 2026)

Isolation and difficulty asking for help

- Not feeling comfortable in parenting groups/activities which increased the isolation of early motherhood.

"Transitioning to being home with a baby to care for rather than at work. Struggling to connect with mums groups or group social settings. Trying to fit into 'the perfect mother myth." Anon, (COPE, 2026).

- Challenges managing friends and family who didn't understanding their needs and boundaries, for example visiting after the baby arrived. 

- Difficulty knowing where to seek help and how to ask for it.

"Ensuring there were actually people to support our family especially in the early days instead of just braving it alone and thinking I should have been able to manage myself." Anon (COPE, 2026)

I wish there was a way to make people (especially family) know and understand boundaries so that we can reduce overwhelm. We try not to schedule things for consecutive days so everyone has a chance to recover.

Anon (COPE, 2026)

Autism and mental health

Autistic parents are at greater risk of postnatal depression and anxiety. This can be compounded by feeling dismissed, misunderstood or not taken seriously by health professionals, particularly in the absence of continuous care.4

For some parents, concerns around the stigma of sharing distress with health professionals can prevent or delay help-seeking and increase feelings of isolation.

"In retrospect, and with much more knowledge and understanding of my neurodivergence, I think my postpartum anxiety and stress was likely autistic burnout and overwhelm." - (COPE, 2026)

Mental health self-check

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Tips and strategies to consider

Talk to your health professional and advocate for your needs

- If you can and feel able to, it can be helpful to speak to your health professional early on about your diagnosis and your communication and sensory needs during pregnancy. 

- Taking in and processing lots of new information can feel overwhelming. Ask your health professional to repeat or explain things, or to present information in other formats such as visually. They are there to inform and support you.

- Have a trusted support person attend appointments to help you advocate.

Nurture your sensory needs postpartum

"Consider your sensory needs and how they will be impacted with a pregnancy, during labour, when feeling vulnerable and postpartum. Seek support to understand these needs and to plan to better work with your neurodivergent brain rather than against her." (COPE, 2026)

- Minimise sensory overload by creating quiet spaces for activities such as breastfeeding.

- Use headphones and sensory items to help you regulate.

- Speak to your health professional about support for breastfeeding if you need it. Research has shown that sensory sensitivities, as well as finding the feeling of let-down uncomfortable or painful can make breastfeeding more challenging. Some women have found using nipple shields helpful, as well as distractions such as watching television, reading or using your phone.

"The sensation of baby's body against mine is wonderful and very calming but I struggle with little hands touching my skin so I wear nursing tops that cover most of my skin now." (Grant et al., 2023).

Remind yourself of your strengths

- Many autistic parents note that their ability to hyperfocus and research aspects of parenting/child development is a key strength when it comes to making informed decisions.

"I’ve persevered with the breastfeeding and kept on doing that, that’s been something that’s really important to me. And people have commented that me being so stubborn about it is probably in part because of my autism and I made it into a bit of a special interest and was reading everything and researching everything." Morgan, (S.Hampton et al., 2022)

- Some autistic parents describe feeling strong attunement to their baby's needs, which can help with bonding.

"Babies are very sensory-oriented, which I fully understand. In some sense it makes it easier for me to anticipate his needs, like, oh he probably just wants to be held, he needs that contact to feel secure." Lydia (S. Hampton et al., 2022)

Nurture your wellbeing

It can be difficult to prioritise self-care and what this looks like will be different for everyone - depending on your needs, your energy levels and any other responsibilities or demands you're managing postpartum.

Some people find peer support helpful and validating, whether it's linking in with forums online or in-person parent groups.

"I wore the same clothes over and over because they were comfy and they didn't increase overwhelm. I created regulation plans and had these written down of things I could work through to help (walk with dog, walk without dog, sleep, re-watch comfort tv show etc) and build time in after appointments or hard things to regulate." Anon, (COPE, 2026)

You can find more detailed self-care tips in this resource from Aspect here.

Trust your experience (sensory overwhelm etc.) If it is feeling hard or unbearable, it is. No need to discredit yourself. Just because you were fine with it at one stage doesn't mean you'll always be fine with it. 

Anon (COPE, 2026)

Seek help early 

Ask for help when you need it - you don't have to struggle alone. There are neuro-affirming health professionals, many with lived experience, who can help.

A neuro-affirming approach doesn't try to "fix" or "change" neurodivergent people. Instead, it aims to provide supports, services and accommodations that are person-centred, trauma-informed and affirm neurodivergent identity and individual needs.7

Some autistic people find occupational therapy particularly useful after having a baby, to manage some of the sensory challenges and disruption to typical routines.

Neurodivergence presents very differently between people. No two autistic people are the same. Different strengths and different weaknesses. Different challenges and different coping mechanisms. Different lagging skills. Don't assume you know what they need, just be understanding and patient with them. Ask them what they need. Ask them what helps them. Ask them what is hard and how can you try to proactively avoid those challenges or how can you help make accomodations to help make it easier. Explain you can't fix everything, but will try to be supportive and understanding of them. Anon, (COPE, 2026),

Aspect's Autistic Pregnancy and Parenthood Hub

For more information and guidance including real stories and further resources, visit Aspect's Autistic Pregnancy and Parenthood hub. 

You can download a baby settling checklist template here which you can personalise and save or print.

This guide to disclosing your diagnosis may also be helpful.

Find help and support in early parenthood 

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Jade's story of autism and motherhood

"No matter where you are on the spectrum, your needs are valid and important, and you deserve support."

Read Jade's story
The truth about anxiety and depression when having a baby Jades story C

Symon's story of parenting in a neurodivergent family

"You are not failing. You are navigating a world that often isn’t built for neurodivergent minds—especially not while raising tiny humans."

Read Symon's story
Symon Oliveri

Further reading and resources

  • Yellow Ladybugs is a non-government organisation, dedicated to the happiness, success and celebration of autistic girls, women and gender diverse individuals.
  • Autism Connect is a free, national autism helpline, providing independent and expert information over phone, email and webchat. Autism Connect is open 8am to 7pm, Monday to Friday. 1300 308 699
  • The podcast Australian Birth Stories features several episodes exploring neurodivergence and new parenthood.

References

  1. Autism Spectrum Australia (2026) What is Autism? https://www.aspect.org.au/about-autism/what-is-autism
  2. Autism Spectrum Australia (2026) About Autism https://www.aspect.org.au/about-autism
  3. May, T. (2024, July 10). What is AuDHD? 5 important things to know when someone has both autism and ADHD. The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/what-is-audhd-5-important-things-to-know-when-someone-has-both-autism-and-adhd-233095
  4. Jata K. Elliott, Kate Buchanan, Sara Bayes, (2024) The neurodivergent perinatal experience — A systematic literature review on autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,
    Women and Birth, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2025.101967
  5. Hampton, S., Man, J., Allison, C., Aydin, E., Baron-Cohen, S., & Holt, R. (2022). A qualitative exploration of autistic mothers’ experiences II: Childbirth and postnatal experiences. Autism, 26(5), 1165-1175. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/13623613211043701
  6. Grant, A., Griffiths, C., Williams, K., & Brown, A. (2024). “It felt like I had an old fashioned telephone ringing in my breasts”: An online survey of UK Autistic birthing parents' experiences of infant feeding. Maternal & Child Nutrition, 20, e13581. https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.13581
  7. Department of Social Services. (2024). National Autism Strategy 2025–2031. Commonwealth of Australia. 
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